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Overview
An on-grid solar system, also known as a grid-tied or grid-connected system, is a solar power solution that operates in conjunction with the public electricity grid. Unlike off-grid systems, which require battery storage to function independently, on-grid systems feed excess electricity back into the grid, allowing homeowners and businesses to reduce their reliance on traditional energy sources while benefiting from renewable energy. This type of solar system is ideal for locations where the grid is reliable and offers a straightforward way to offset electricity costs by harnessing solar power.
Essential Components
An on-grid solar system comprises several key components that work together to generate, convert, and utilize solar energy:
Solar Panels: The heart of the system, solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into direct current (DC) electricity. The efficiency and quality of the panels determine the overall performance of the system.
Inverter: The inverter is a crucial component that converts the DC electricity generated by the solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is compatible with household appliances and can be fed into the grid.
Metering Device: A bi-directional meter is used to measure the amount of electricity produced by the solar panels and the amount fed back into the grid. It helps in tracking energy consumption and production, essential for net metering.
Grid Connection: The system is connected to the local electricity grid, allowing for the transfer of surplus energy produced by the solar panels. This connection ensures that when the panels aren’t producing enough electricity, you can still draw power from the grid.
Monitoring System: Many on-grid systems include a monitoring system that allows you to track the performance of your solar panels in real-time, helping you understand energy production and consumption patterns.
How Does It Work?
An on-grid solar system works by converting sunlight into electricity and synchronizing with the grid to manage energy usage:
Energy Generation: Solar panels installed on your roof or ground-mounted capture sunlight and convert it into DC electricity. The amount of electricity generated depends on factors such as panel efficiency, orientation, tilt angle, and the amount of sunlight available.
Energy Conversion: The DC electricity produced by the panels is sent to the inverter, where it is converted into AC electricity, the standard form used by household appliances and the electricity grid.
Energy Utilization: The AC electricity generated can be used to power your home or business directly. Any surplus electricity that is not immediately used is fed back into the grid through the grid connection.
Grid Interaction: When your solar panels produce more electricity than you need, the excess is sent to the grid, and you receive credits through a process called net metering. These credits can be used to offset the cost of the electricity you draw from the grid when your panels aren’t producing enough power, such as at night or during cloudy days.
Energy Consumption: If your energy needs exceed what your solar panels produce, the additional electricity is automatically drawn from the grid, ensuring a continuous power supply.
